Kubantu besilisa abadala abajwayelekile balinganiselwa kumalitha angu-5 (amalitha angu-4.75) egazi, elakhiwe cishe amalitha angu-3 (amalitha angu-2.85) e-plasma kanye nama-quarts angu-2 (1.9 amalitha) amaseli.
Amangqamuzana egazi amisiwe kuyi- plasma, eyakhiwe ngamanzi nezinto ezincibilikisiwe, okuhlanganisa amahomoni, amasosha omzimba, nama-enzyme ayiswa ezicutshini, kanye nemikhiqizo kadoti yamangqamuzana eyiswa emaphashini nasezinso.
Amangqamuzana egazi amakhulu ahlukaniswa njengamaseli abomvu (ama-erythrocyte), amangqamuzana amhlophe (leukocyte), namaplatelet (thrombocytes).
Amangqamuzana abomvu ayizindikimba ezithambile, eziyindilinga, ezigobile ezine-hemoglobin, ikhemikhali eyinkimbinkimbi ehambisa umoya-mpilo nesikhutha.
I-Hemolysis kwenzeka lapho ulwelwesi oluncane oluvikelayo oluvale amangqamuzana abomvu abuthaka luqhekeka, okuvumela i-hemoglobin ukuba iphumele ku-plasma.I-Hemolysis ingabangelwa ukuphatha kabi isampula yegazi, okushiya i-tourniquet isikhathi eside kakhulu (okubangela ukusimama kwegazi) noma ukuminyanisa ichopho lomunwe kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa kwama-capillary, ukuhlanjululwa, ukuchayeka kukungcola, izinga lokushisa elidlulele, noma izimo ze-pathologic.
