Vacuum Isibambi senaliti Esenziwe Inzalo
Incazelo emfushane:
1) Isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma kokubili inaliti yevacuum kanye neshubhu yokuqoqa igazi levacuum.
2) Ngemva kokuvalwa inzalo, sicela usebenzise umkhiqizo ngaphambi kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi.Uma ikepisi lokuvikela lixega noma lilimele, sicela ungalisebenzisi.
3) Kungumkhiqizo ophuma kanye.Ungawusebenzisi okwesibili.
4) Ngempilo yakho, ungasebenzisi i-lancet yegazi efanayo nomunye umuntu.
Umlando we-In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) kanye nokudluliswa kombungu (ET) uhlehlela emuva ngawo-1890 lapho u-Walter Heape onguprofesa nodokotela eNyuvesi yaseCambridge, eNgilandi, owayekade enza ucwaningo ngokuzalana kwenani lezilwane. , ibike icala lokuqala elaziwayo lokufakelwa kombungu konogwaja, kudala ngaphambi kokuba kuphakanyiswe izicelo zokuzala komuntu.
Ngo-1932, 'Izwe Elisha Elinesibindi' lanyatheliswa ngu-Aldous Huxley.Kule noveli yenganekwane yesayensi, u-Huxley uchaze ngendlela engokoqobo indlela ye-IVF njengoba siyayazi.Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva ku-1937, i-editorial yavela ku-New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM 1937, 21 October) efanelekile.
"Ukukhulelwa engilazini yewashi: 'Izwe Elisha Elinesibindi' lika-Aldous Huxley lingase ligcwaliseke ngokushesha. U-Pincus no-Enzmann baqale isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambili ngonogwaja, bahlukanisa iqanda, balifaka engilazini yewashi futhi balitshala kabusha kwenye inzikazi. kunaleyo eyanikeza i-oocyte futhi ngaleyo ndlela yavula ngempumelelo ukukhulelwa esilwaneni esingakaganiwe. Uma lokho okufezwa onogwaja bekuzophindwa kumuntu, kufanele ngamazwi athi 'intsha evutha amalangabi' sibe 'hamba izindawo.'
Ngo-1934 u-Pincus no-Enzmann, be-Laboratory of General Physiology e-Harvard University, bashicilela iphepha ku-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences yase-USA, bephakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amaqanda ezincelisayo angathuthukiswa ngendlela evamile ku-vitro.Eminyakeni eyishumi nane kamuva, ngo-1948, uMiriam Menken noJohn Rock bathola ama-oocyte angaphezu kuka-800 kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwezimo ezihlukahlukene.Ikhulu namashumi amathathu nesishiyagalombili kulawa ma-oocyte atholakala ku-spermatozoa in vitro.Ngo-1948, bashicilela ulwazi lwabo ku-American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Kodwa-ke, kuze kube yi-1959 lapho ubufakazi obungenakuphikiswa be-IVF butholwe ngu-Chang (Chang MC, Ukuvundiswa kwe-rabbit ova in vitro. unogwaja) nge-IVF.Amaqanda asanda kukhishwa amaqanda avundiswa, ku-vitro ngokufukamela ngesidoda esinamandla eflaskini encane yeCarrel amahora angu-4, ngaleyo ndlela avule indlela yokusiza ukuzala.
