"Isampula ye-hemolysis iwumthombo wephutha elivame kakhulu elabhorethri yomtholampilo kanye nesizathu esiyinhloko sokwenqatshwa kwesampula. Umbiko ongalungile womphumela ngenxa yesampula ye-hemolysis ungase uholele ekuxilongweni okungalungile nokuphathwa kabi, ukudweba kabusha kwegazi kuzokwandisa ubuhlungu beziguli, kunwebe umjikelezo wokubika, futhi kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwabantu, impahla kanye nomnotho"
1) Indlela yokwahlulela i-hemolysis?
Ngokuvamile, isampula ngemva kwe-centrifugation ibhekwa ukuze kwahlulelwe ukuthi ingabe i-hemolytic, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isampula iba ne-turbid ebomvu kancane ngenxa yokudlidliza okunganaki ngemva kwe-centrifugation, okuzophinde kubhekwe njenge-hemolysis uma ingabhekwa ngokucophelela.Ngakho-ke, singanquma kanjani ukuthi i-hemolysis yeqiniso?Indlela engcono kakhulu ukukala okuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin ku-serum, okungukuthi, inkomba ye-hemolysis, ukwazi ukuthi ikhona yini i-hemolysis.
Ungachaza kanjani ukuthi isampula inokuhlolwa komtholampilo okuhlobene ne-hemolysis?Njengamanje, indlela evamile ukwahlulela ngokuvumelana ne-hemolysis index (HI).Inkomba ye-Hemolysis empeleni izinga le-hemoglobin yamahhala ku-plasma.Abanye abacwaningi baqhathanisa izifundo ezingu-50 nge-hemolysis futhi bathola ukuthi i-20 isebenzisa inkomba ye-hemolysis ukuze ichaze i-hemolysis, i-19 isebenzise ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo, kanti enye i-11 ayizange ibonise indlela.
Umkhuba wokusebenzisa i-hemolysis ebonakalayo ukuze ukhethe amasampula omtholampilo kubhekwa njengokungalungile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemigomo yobuningi bemigomo kanye nokuzwela kwezinkomba ezahlukene ku-hemolysis.Ocwaningweni olwenziwa e-cludia ngo-2018, abantu balandele ngokucophelela amasampula egazi angama-495 kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo.Kwatholakala ukuthi ukwahlulela okubonwayo kwe-hemolysis kungaholela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa engafanele efinyelela ku-31%, okuhlanganisa no-20.7% wamacala lapho i-hemolysis ibe nomthelela emiphumeleni kodwa yanganakwa, kanye no-10.3% wamacala lapho imiphumela yokuhlolwa imisiwe kodwa kamuva. itholwe ingathinteki nge-hemolysis.
2) Izimbangela ze-hemolysis
Izimbangela ze-hemolysis zingahlukaniswa zibe ukuhlolwa komtholampilo okuhlobene ne-hemolysis kanye nokuhlolwa okungezona emtholampilo okuhlobene ne-hemolysis ngokombono wokuthi kuhlobene yini nenqubo yokuhlolwa komtholampilo.I-hemolysis ehlobene nokuhlolwa komtholampilo ibhekisela ku-hemolysis okubangelwa ukugqashuka kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ngenxa yokuhlinzwa okungafanele kokuhlolwa komtholampilo, okuyiyona nto esigxile kuyo engxoxweni yethu.Umkhuba womtholampilo kanye nezincwadi ezifanele ziye zafakazela ukuthi ukuvela kwe-hemolysis kuhlobene ngokuqondile nenqubo yokuqoqa isampula.Enqubweni yokuhlolwa komtholampilo, i-hemolysis izobangelwa uma izinga lenaliti yokuqoqa igazi lincane kakhulu, isivinini sokudweba igazi sishesha kakhulu, ukukhethwa kwendawo yokuqoqa igazi akulungile, i-tourniquet isetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ukuqoqwa kwegazi. umkhumbi awugcwele, ukuzamazama ngokweqile ngemva kokuqoqwa kwegazi, ukudlidliza ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuthutha, njll. Kungahlukaniswa kube okulandelayo:
2.1 Iqoqo lesampula
Ukulimala kokuqoqwa kwegazi, njengokufaka inaliti ngokuphindaphindiwe nokuqoqwa kwegazi ku-hematoma;Qoqa igazi emishinini yokufinyelela emithanjeni efana nenaliti ye-venous indwelling, ishubhu lokumnika kanye ne-central venous catheter;Iqoqo legazi lesirinji;I-anterior median cubital vein, i-cephalic vein kanye ne-basilic vein ayizange ikhethwe;Sebenzisa inaliti enhle;Isibulala-magciwane asomile;Sebenzisa i-tourniquet isikhathi esingaphezu kweminithi elingu-1;Ukwehluleka ukuxuba ngesikhathi nokuxubana ngobudlova;Ivolumu yokuqoqwa kwegazi ayanele futhi ayifinyeleli esikalini sokukala se-vacuum yomkhumbi wokuqoqa igazi;Izinga lesitsha sokuqoqa igazi le-vacuum kanye neglue ehlukanisayo limpofu;Sebenzisa imithambo emikhulu ye-vacuum yokuqoqa igazi, njll.
2.2 Ukuthuthwa kwesampula
Ukudlidliza okunobudlova ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwe-pneumatic;Isikhathi eside sokuthutha;Izinga lokushisa lemoto yokudlulisa liphezulu kakhulu, ukudlidliza okunodlame, njll.
2.3 Ukucutshungulwa kwesifanekiso selabhorethri kanye ne-Hemolysis ku-vivo
Isikhathi eside sokulondolozwa kwezibonelo;Izinga lokushisa lokulondolozwa kwezibonelo liphezulu kakhulu;Hhayi centrifuged ngesikhathi;Igazi lalingajikijeli ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokufakwa phakathi kwe-centrifugation;Izinga lokushisa le-centrifugal liphezulu kakhulu futhi isivinini siyashesha kakhulu;I-Re centrifugation, njll.
I-autoimmune hemolytic, njengokungahambelani kweqembu legazi nokumpontshelwa igazi;Izifo zofuzo kanye ne-metabolic, njenge-thalassemia kanye ne-hepatolenticular degeneration;Ukusabela kwezidakamizwa ze-hemolytic ngemva kwemithi, njengokusabela kwe-hemolytic okubangelwa umjovo we-ceftriaxone sodium;Ukutheleleka okunzima;Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-intravascular coagulation;Ukuqina kwenhliziyo, i-artificial heart valve, i-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, njll. Isampula ye-hemolysis ebangelwa i-hemolysis in vivo ngeke inqatshwe ilabhorethri, futhi udokotela uzomaka incazelo efomini lesicelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-07-2022